Waseda University

Waseda University
早稲田大学
Motto 学問の独立
(Independence of Learning)
Established 1882
Type Private
Endowment N/A
President Kaoru Kamata
Academic staff 2,038 full-time
3,847 part-time
Admin. staff N/A
Undergraduates 45,757
Postgraduates 8,471
Location Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
Campus Urban
Athletics 43 varsity teams
Colors Maroon      [2]
Mascot

Waseda Bear (official)
Affiliations Universitas 21, APRU
Website Waseda University

Waseda University (早稲田大学 Waseda Daigaku?), abbreviated as Sōdai (早大 Sōdai?), is a private university located in the northern part of Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. It is one of the most prestigious universities in Japan and Asia.

Founded in 1882 as Tokyo Senmon Gakko, the institution was renamed Waseda University in 1902. Its alumni include seven post-war prime ministers and prominent corporate leaders. Currently, seven of the Fortune Global 2007's CEOs are Waseda graduates.[1] In particular, the School of Political Science and Economics has a significant influence on Japanese society.

Contents

Institution

History and development

The university was founded by samurai scholar and Meiji-era politician and former prime minister Ōkuma Shigenobu in 1882, and was designated as a full university in 1902. It started as a college with three departments under the old Japanese system of higher education.

In 1882, the university had the department of political science and economics, law, and physical science. Along with these departments, an English language course was established, where the students of all the departments could learn English.[2]

Three years later, the department of physical science was closed because it had too few applicants.[3] The department of science and engineering was established in 1908.[4]

The department of literature was established in 1890.[5]

The department of education was established in 1903, and the department of commerce, in 1904.[6]

Much of the campus was destroyed in the fire bombings of Tokyo during World War II, but the university was rebuilt and reopened by 1949. It has grown to become a comprehensive university with two senior high schools and school of art and architecture.

Origin of the name

Waseda University started its life as Tokyo Senmon Gakkō (東京専門学校?) on October 21, 1882. Before the name 'Waseda' was selected, it was known variously as Waseda Gakkō (早稲田学校?) or Totsuka Gakkō (戸塚学校?) after the location of the founder's villa in Waseda Village and the school's location in Totsuka Village respectively.

It was renamed Waseda University (早稲田大学 Waseda-daigaku?) on September 2, 1902 upon acquiring university status.

Academic cap

Ōkuma had long desired to create an academic cap so distinctive that someone wearing the cap would immediately be identified as a Waseda student. The chief tailor of Takashimaya, Yashichiro, was called upon to design a cap in three days. Each square cap was stamped on the inside with the student's name, his department, the school seal and the legend, "This certifies that the owner is a student of Waseda". Thus, the cap served as a form of identification, and effectively a status symbol. The cap, with its gold-braided badge, is registered as a trademark.

125th Anniversary

On October 21, 2007, Waseda University celebrated its 125th anniversary. Ōkuma often talked about the "125 years of life" theory: "The lifespan of a human being can be as long as 125 years. He will be able to live out his natural lifespan as long as he takes proper care of his health", because "physiologists say that every animal has the ability to live five times as long as its growth period. Since a man is said to require about 25 years to become fully mature, it follows that he can live up to 125 years of age." This theory propounded by Ōkuma was very popular and often referred to in the media of the time.

In commemorative events relating to Waseda University and Ōkuma, the number 125 is accorded special significance, as it marks an important epoch. The tower of Ōkuma Auditorium, completed on the university's 45th anniversary, is 125 shaku, or about 38 m high. In 1963, there were also events to mark the 125th anniversary of Ōkuma's birth.

Ōkuma, who twice served as prime minister of Japan, organized his second cabinet when he was 77 and died when he was 83. He said, "I wish I had understood this '125 years of life' theory 30 years earlier". He did, however, lead a regular life, and lived fairly long compared to other Japanese at the time.

Campuses

Nishi-Waseda
Toyama
Waseda
University's campus Gare station

Waseda University's main campus is located in the Nishi-Waseda district of Shinjuku. The nearest station is Waseda, although Waseda is generally associated with Takadanobaba on the Yamanote Line.

Apart from the main campus in Shinjuku, there are other campuses around the country:

Undergraduate and Graduate Schools

Undergraduate Schools (Entrance Capacity 8880):

Graduate Schools:

Research institutes

Facilities

Ōkuma Auditorium

Soon after Ōkuma's death on 10 January 1922, the planning of memorials commenced. The first decision was to construct a large auditorium, something Ōkuma had always dreamed of.

The three-story main auditorium seats 1,435, while the secondary auditorium, located underground, can accommodate 382 people. A seven-story high clock tower stands to the left of the auditorium. The height of the tower, at 125 shaku, or about 38 m, represents the theory of "life of 125 years" advocated by Ōkuma. The bells at the top of the tower were transported through the Panama Canal from the MacLean Company in Baltimore, Maryland. It was the first time that four bells, large and small, had been used in Japan.

Oval-shaped transom windows on the roof represent the sun, moon, and nine planets of our solar system, and symbolize the "harmony of the universe" both inside and outside the auditorium. The auditorium opened on October 20, 1927, about five years behind schedule, after the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake. A Memorial Hall, constructed in 1957, was used as the fencing venue for the 1964 Summer Olympics.[7]

In April 1999, the auditorium along with the old library building were officially designated the first and second historical buildings under the newly-passed Tokyo Metropolitan Landscape Regulations, which aim to preserve buildings representative of Tokyo's history and culture.

The auditorium was designated as one of the important cultural assets of Japan by the Ministry of Education in 2007.

Ōkuma Garden

Ōkuma Garden is located near Ōkuma Auditorium. It is a half-Japanese, half-Western garden of Edo period feudal lord Matsudaira Sanuki's former mansion, redesigned by Shigenobu Ōkuma. After his death, the garden was donated to Waseda University. Now it is a recreation place for students.

Libraries and museums

The Waseda University Library, designed by Tachu Naitō, Kenji Imai and Kin'ichi Kiriyama, was completed in 1925. This five-story building, with a total area of 1,195 tsubo (坪?) (about 3,944 square meters), was used initially as the University Library. The reading room was housed in a separate two-story building, with a seating capacity of 500. One of the prominent libraries established at the end of the Taishō period, it has been a symbol of Waseda University to this day, along with the Okuma Auditorium and the Theatre Museum.

The Old Library and the administration building were expanded in 1934 and 1955 respectively. The Old Library stopped serving as a main library, after the New Central Library, located where the Abe Stadium used to be, was completed in 1990. It now houses Takata Sanae Memorial Research Library, the University Archives, and Aizu Yaichi Museum. Takata Sanae Memorial Research Library opened in 1994. It is named after former university president Takata Sanae. Historical and cultural materials on Waseda University are exhibited in the University Archives, and the materials related with Ōkuma Shigenobu are exhibited in the Ōkuma Memorial Room at the Archives. Aizu Yaichi Memorial Museum opened in 1998. In the front hall, visitors are greeted by the masterpiece "Meian", which dates back to 1927. It is painted on the world's largest hand-made washi (Japanese paper), which is 4.45 meters in diameter and weighs about 12 kilograms. It was manufactured by Iwano　Heisaburō, the founder of the Echizen paper works in Imadachi-cho, Fukui prefecture. The masterpiece was painted free of charge by Yokoyama Taikan and Shimomura Kanzan, two artists who represented the modern Japanese style of painting. President Takata Sanae asked them to paint a picture for the Library.

The library possesses a unique collection which survived the Bombing of Tokyo in World War II unlike many of its counterparts. The collection is an important resource for the study of pre-war Japanese history and literature.

Other museums and libraries on Waseda campuses include:

Athletics

Baseball

The rivalry between Waseda and Keiō University is highlighted by the Sōkeisen in the Tokyo Big6 Baseball League. The baseball series is held twice a year in the spring and autumn at Meiji-Jingu Stadium, and it is considered one of the most important competitions of the year by both student bodies. The Waseda University Baseball Club is the most successful team in the Big6 league in terms of winning percentage, but it has 41 league championships, which puts it second behind Hōsei University.

Football (soccer)

Waseda University football team won the Emperor's Cup, in 1964 and 1967.

Rugby union

Waseda University Rugby Football Club currently is the reigning university rugby union champion in Japan, reaching the university championships 28 times, and winning fourteen times. Its two biggest rivals are Keio University and Meiji University.

Karate

The Waseda University karate club is one of the oldest in Japan, formed in 1931 under the direction of Gichin Funakoshi.[8][9] Graduates of the karate club include Shigeru Egami, leader of the Shotokai school, Kazumi Tabata, founder of the North American Karate-do Federation and Tsutomu Ohshima, founder of Shotokan Karate of America.

Notable alumni

Prime Ministers

Business Leaders

Academics

Authors

Journalists

Sports

Performing arts

Diplomats

Politics

Others

Notable current students

Sports

Performing Arts

Notable faculty

Professors who are also Waseda alumni are listed in italics.

Principals, de facto presidents (1907–1923), and presidents

Principals

De facto presidents (1907–1923)

Presidents

Academic Rankings

University rankings (overall)
Toyo Keizai National[12] General 6
Kawaijuku National[13] General 13
ARWU National[14] Research 11-17
WE National[15] Employment 11
NBP Greater Tokyo[16][17] Reputation 1
Shimano National[18] Selectivity SA
QS Asia[19] General 39
ARWU Asia/Pacific[20] Research 44-68
QS World[21] General 182
ARWU World[22] Research 301-400
ENSMP World[23] Alumni 8
University rankings (by subject)
Social Sciences & Humanities

LAW
Asahi National[24] Research 3
BE Success National[25] Qualification 5
BE Pass rate National[26] Qualification 12

BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT
Eduni MBA National[27] General 2
Eduni MBA World[28] General 93
CPA Success National[29] Qualification 2
Natural Sciences & Technology

Engineering
Nikkei National[30] Research 5

ARCHITECTURE
ARE Success National[31] Qualification 3

Waseda University is one of the most prestigious universities in Japan. It is proved by the following rankings.

General Rankings

The university has been ranked 5th in 2008-2009 and 6th in 2010 in the ranking called "Truly Strong Universities (本当に強い大学)" by Toyo Keizai.[32] In another ranking, Japanese prep school Kawaijuku ranked Waseda as the 13th best university in Japan.[13]

In 2010 QS World University Rankings[21] ranked Waseda University 182nd in the world, making it the tenth highest ranked university in Japan. Its individual subject rankings were: 76th in Arts & Humanities, 117th in Engineering & IT, 222nd in Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 204th in Natural Sciences, and 88th in Social Sciences.

Research Performance

Generally speaking, National Universities in Japan have better research standards, however Waseda is one of the few Private Universities which compete with top National Universities. According to Weekly Diamond, Waseda has the 12th highest research standard in Japan in terms of research fundings per researchers in COE Program, and it's one of only 2 private universities within Top 15.[33]

Nikkei Shimbun　on 2004/2/16 surveyed about the research standards in Engineering studies based on Thomson Reuters, Grants in Aid for Scientific Research and questionnaires to heads of 93 leading Japanese Research Centers, and Waseda was placed 5th (research planning ability 7th/ability of business-academia collaboration 1st) in this ranking.[34] Waseda is the only private university ranked in the top 5.

Asahi Shimbun summarized the amount of academic papers in Japanese major legal journals by university, and Waseda was ranked 3rd during 2005-2009.[24]

Graduate school Rankings

According to the Asia Top MBA Business Schools Ranking by Asiaweek, Waseda Business School is ranked 2nd in Japan.[35] Eduniversal also ranked Japanese business schools and Waseda is 2rd in Japan (93rd in the world).[36] In this ranking, Waseda is one of only 3 Japanese business schools categorized in "Universal Business schools with major international influence".

Waseda Law School is considered as one of the top Japanese law schools, as Waseda's successful candidates for bar examination was 5th in 2009 and 2010 in Japan. [37]

Alumni Rankings

Alumni of Waseda enjoy their good success in Japanese industries such as shown below.

According to the Weekly Diamond on 2006/2/18, Waseda got the highest score from the directors of human resource departments in Greater Tokyo.[38] This ranking is titled "Useful University Rankings (役に立つ大学ランキング)". Waseda in Social Science was ranked 1st and Waseda in Natural Science and Engineering was ranked 2nd among all Japanese Universities.[39] According to the Weekly Economist's 2010 rankings and the PRESIDENT's article on 2006/10/16, graduates from Waseda have the 11th best employment rate in 400 major companies and the alumni average salary is the 7th best in Japan.[40][41]

École des Mines de Paris ranks Waseda University as 4th in the world in 2010 (8th in 2011) in terms of the number of alumni listed among CEOs in the 500 largest worldwide companies.[42][23] The university is also ranked 2nd in Japan for the number of alumni holding the position of executive in the listed companies of Japan.[43]

The number of lawers who graduated Waseda has been ranked 3rd in Japan since 1949.[44]　Furthermore, Waseda alumni have been the 2nd largest group in the Japanese Parliament.[45][46]

Popularity and Selectivity

Waseda is a popular university in Japan. The number of applicants per place was 20.5(115515/5630) in the 2011 undergraduate admissions.[47] This number of applicants was 2nd largest in Japan.[48] its entrance difficulty is usually considered as top with Keio among 730 private universities.[49][50][51]

Nikkei BP has been publishing a ranking system called "Brand rankings of Japanese universities" every year, composed by the various indications related to the power of brand, and Waseda was top in 2010 and 3rd in 2009 in Greater Tokyo Area.[16]

Trustees

Benefactors

Waseda University has had numerous benefactors, including:

Waseda University in media

Nonfiction

Fiction

Scandals

Super Free was a registered Waseda University school club organized by Shinichirō Wada, a student at Waseda University. The club organized parties in order to rape unsuspecting women. The appeal of the these parties was the chance to associate with Waseda University students. After Wada's arrest, the club was disbanded.[58]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ [1]
  2. ^ Kimura, pp. 74, 123
  3. ^ Kimura, pp. 74, 122
  4. ^ Okushima and Nakamura (eds.), p.42
  5. ^ Okushima and Nakamura (eds.), p.25
  6. ^ Okushima and Nakamura (eds.), p.37
  7. ^ 1964 Summer Olympics official report. Volume 1. Part 1. pp. 127-8.
  8. ^ Funakoshi, Gichin (1973). "Karate-do Kyohan", Kodansha International Ltd, Tokyo. ISBN 0-87011-190-6.
  9. ^ "A Karate Club with a long history". Waseda Weekly. 2006-11-16 accessdate = 2008-12-22. http://www.waseda.jp/student/weekly/contents/english/e110b.html. 
  10. ^ http://www.tamiya.com/japan/tamiya/tamiya_01.htm
  11. ^ as an honorary post
  12. ^ "Truly Strong Universities" (in Japanese). Toyo Keizai. 2010. http://www.toyokeizai.net/business/industrial/detail/AC/7ca97f085eda34ce139f6d1210cef898/page/1/. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  13. ^ a b "Kawai 30 Top Japanese Universities". Kawaijuku. 2001. http://www.nigelward.com/top30.html. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  14. ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities in Japan". Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2010. http://www.arwu.org/Country2010Main.jsp?param=Japan. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  15. ^ "Employment rate in 400 major companies rankings" (in Japanese). Weekly Economist. 2011. http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/3865.html. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  16. ^ a b "Nikkei BP Brand rankings of Japanese universities" (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 2010. http://trendy.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/pickup/20101108/1033562/. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  17. ^ "Nikkei BP Brand rankings of Japanese universities" (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 2009. http://consult.nikkeibp.co.jp/consult/release/ub091210a.html. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  18. ^ "GBUDU University Rankings" (in Japanese). YELL books. 2009. http://www.amazon.co.jp/%E5%8D%B1%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E3%83%BB%E6%B6%88%E3%81%88%E3%82%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6-%EF%BC%92%EF%BC%90%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%92%E5%B9%B4%E7%89%88-YELL-books-%E5%B3%B6%E9%87%8E-%E6%B8%85%E5%BF%97/dp/4753930181. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  19. ^ "QS Asian University Rankings". QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2010. http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/asian-university-rankings/2010. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  20. ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities in Japan". Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2010. http://www.arwu.org/Country2010Main.jsp?param=Japan. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  21. ^ a b "QS World University Rankings". QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited. 2010. http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2010/results. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  22. ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities". Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2010. http://www.arwu.org/Country2010Main.jsp?param=Japan. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  23. ^ a b "ENSMP World University Rankings". École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris. 2011. http://www.mines-paristech.fr/Actualites/PR/Ranking2011EN-Fortune2010.pdf. Retrieved Apr 29, 2011. 
  24. ^ a b Asahi Shimbun University rankings 2010 "Publification rankings in Law (Page 4)" (in Japanese). Asahi Shimbun. 2010. http://www.law.kobe-u.ac.jp/faculty/annai/2011faculty.pdf. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
  25. ^ "Bar Exam Successful Applicants rankings" (in Japanese). Shikaku Seek. 2010. http://laws.shikakuseek.com/data/2010data-1.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
  26. ^ "Bar Exam Pass rate rankings" (in Japanese). Shikaku Seek. 2010. http://laws.shikakuseek.com/data/2010data-2.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
  27. ^ "Business School Ranking in Japan". Eduniversal. 2010. http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-in-japan.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
  28. ^ "University and business school ranking in 5 palms (Top100)". Eduniversal. 2010. http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-5palms.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
    "University and business school ranking in 4 palms (Top101-300)". Eduniversal. 2010. http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-4palms.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
    "University and business school ranking in 3 palms (Top301-696)". Eduniversal. 2010. http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-3palms.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
    "University and business school ranking in 2 palms (Top697-896)". Eduniversal. 2010. http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-2palms.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
  29. ^ "CPA Successful Applicants rankings" (in Japanese). Yutaka Honkawa. 2010. http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/3868.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
  30. ^ "Nikkei research standard rankings in Engineering" (in Japanese). Nikkei Shimbun. 2010. http://homepage3.nifty.com/katu-kobayashi/doppo/kougaku_kennkyu.htm. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
  31. ^ "Architects Registration Exam Successful Applicants rankings" (in Japanese). Shikaku Seek. 2010. http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/3868.html. Retrieved May 11, 2011. 
  32. ^ http://www.toyokeizai.net/business/industrial/detail/AC/7ca97f085eda34ce139f6d1210cef898/page/1/
  33. ^ "週刊ダイヤモンド" ダイヤモンド社 2010/2/27 http://web.sapmed.ac.jp/kikaku/infomation/0227daiyamondokiji.pdf
  34. ^ http://homepage3.nifty.com/katu-kobayashi/doppo/kougaku_kennkyu.htm
  35. ^ http://worldranking.blogspot.com/2009/06/mba-universities-in-japan.html
  36. ^ http://www.eduniversal-ranking.com/business-school-university-ranking-in-japan.html
  37. ^ http://laws.shikakuseek.com/data/2010data-1.html
  38. ^ "役に立つ大学ランキング" 週間ダイヤモンド 2006/2/18 http://headersearch.diamond.ne.jp/v/00165507.html
  39. ^ http://www.bokusyotaro.com/200603/article_1.html
  40. ^ http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/honkawa/3865.html
  41. ^ PRESIDENT 2006/10/16 http://hensachi-ranking.seesaa.net/article/26733115.html#more
  42. ^ http://www.mines-paristech.fr/Actualites/PR/Ranking2010EN-Fortune2009.pdf
  43. ^ "出身大学別上場企業役員数ランキング" (in Japanese). 大学ranking.net. http://daigaku-ranking.net/syuusyoku/%E5%87%BA%E8%BA%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%A5%E4%B8%8A%E5%A0%B4%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E5%BD%B9%E5%93%A1%E6%95%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%EF%BC%882009%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%89/. 
  44. ^ http://www.law.nihon-u.ac.jp/work/research/pdf/2010sihoka.pdf
  45. ^ http://univranking.schoolbus.jp/00000277.htm
  46. ^ "University rankings 2011" Asahi Shinbun
  47. ^ http://www.waseda.jp/nyusi/shigan2/index.html
  48. ^ http://www.yozemi.ac.jp/nyushi/data/11/shutsugan_s/pdf/shigansha30.pdf
  49. ^ National and Public universities apply different kind of exams. so it's only comparable between universities in a same category.
  50. ^ e.g. Yoyogi seminar published Hensachi (the indication showing the entrance difficulties by prep schools) rankings http://www.yozemi.ac.jp/rank/gakubu/index.html
  51. ^ Japanese journalist Kiyoshi Shimano ranks its entrance difficulty as SA (most selective/out of 11 scales) in Japan. "危ない大学・消える大学 2012年版" (in Japanese). YELL books. 2011. http://www.amazon.co.jp/%E5%8D%B1%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E3%83%BB%E6%B6%88%E3%81%88%E3%82%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6-%EF%BC%92%EF%BC%90%EF%BC%91%EF%BC%92%E5%B9%B4%E7%89%88-YELL-books-%E5%B3%B6%E9%87%8E-%E6%B8%85%E5%BF%97/dp/4753930181. 
  52. ^ Okushima and Nakamura (eds.), p.53
  53. ^ Okushima and Nakamura (eds.), p.51
  54. ^ Okushima and Nakamura (eds.), p.63
  55. ^ Okushima and Nakamura (eds.), p.65
  56. ^ Okushima and Nakamura (eds.), p.68
  57. ^ Masaru Ibuka Auditorium (Hall) is in the International Conference Center.
  58. ^ "Revealed: the workings of a uni rape club". The Age. 2003-07-05. http://www.theage.com.au/cgi-bin/common/popupPrintArticle.pl?path=/articles/2003/07/04/1057179156476.html. Retrieved 2008-10-28. 

References

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